The FDA approved Trogarzo (ibalizumab-uiyk), a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antiretroviral drug, for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in heavily treatment-experienced adults with multidrug resistant HIV-1 infection failing their current antiretroviral regimen. The approved recommended dosage of Trogarzo is a single intravenous (IV) loading dose of 2,000 mg followed by a maintenance IV dose of 800 mg every two weeks. Trogarzo is administered after dilution in 250 mL of 0.9 percent sodium chloride injection, USP.
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome has been reported with Trogarzo in combination with other antiretrovirals. During the initial phase of combination antiretroviral therapies, patients whose immune systems respond may develop an inflammatory response to indolent or residual opportunistic infections, which may necessitate further evaluation and treatment.
Mechanism of Action (MOA), General Pharmacokinetics (PK), and Pharmacodynamics (PD)
- MOA: Ibalizumab-uiyk, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, is a CD4 domain 2-directed post-attachment HIV-1 inhibitor.
- Dose Proportionality : Following single-dose administrations of ibalizumab-uiyk as 0.5 to 1.5-hour infusions, AUC increased in a greater than dose-proportional manner, clearance decreased from 9.54 to 0.36 mL/h/kg, and elimination half-life increased from 2.7 to 64 hours as the dose increased from 0.3 to 25 mg/kg (0.01 to 0.9 times the approved recommended loading dose based on a 70 kg patient).
- Time to Steady-State: Steady-state concentrations were achieved after the first maintenance dose.
- Distribution: The volume of distribution of ibalizumab-uiyk was 4.8 L.
- Immunogenicity: All subjects enrolled in clinical trials were tested for presence of anti-ibalizumab antibodies. One sample tested positive with low titer anti-ibalizumab antibodies. No adverse reaction or reduced efficacy was attributed to the positive sample reported in this subject.
Efficacy and Safety
Efficacy of Trogarzo was demonstrated in a single arm, multicenter clinical trial of heavily treatment-experienced HIV-infected subjects with multidrug resistant HIV-1. Additional information regarding the efficacy trial can be found in the full prescribing information linked below.
The most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 5%) were diarrhea, dizziness, nausea, and rash.
(Source: The U.S. Food And Drug Saftey Administration)
Filed Under: Drug Discovery
